1.The eyes' vision changes from being able to see clearly to becoming nearsighted.
When using the eyes at close range, in order to clearly see nearby objects, the ciliary muscle contracts, causing the lens to become more convex, thus achieving a focusing function similar to that of a camera. However, prolonged use at close range leads to continuous contraction and spasm of the ciliary muscle, and when looking far away, it cannot relax, resulting in imbalance in the adjustment between looking far and looking near (manifested as persistent near vision followed by blurred far vision).
The regulation of the ciliary muscle is like a "spring". If the eyes are overused and the "spring" of the ciliary muscle is stretched too tightly, causing it to remain in a state of high tension and continuous contraction, the elasticity of the "spring" will deteriorate. When looking at distant objects, it will not be able to relax. At this point, what we commonly refer to as "pseudo-myopia" will occur. Over time, the eyes will shift from being able to see clearly to becoming nearsighted.
After the onset of true myopia, if excessive eye use continues and eye fatigue does not get relieved, the continuous contraction and spasm of the ciliary muscle will cause accommodation lag. That is, the image cannot be accurately focused on the retina but instead focuses behind the retina, resulting in hyperopic defocus.
To achieve a clear image, the retina will grow towards the focus position of the image. Thus, the eye axis gradually elongates, the degree of myopia gradually increases, and it eventually transforms into high myopia.
During the process of myopia, if the elongation of the eye axis is not effectively controlled, as the eyes continue to "grow", the eyeball wall will be stretched thinner and thinner like a "balloon", thereby triggering various eye-related complications and even posing a risk of blindness. This is known as pathological myopia.
It can manifest as macular atrophy, macular hole, retinal hole, retinal detachment, posterior scleral staphyloma, etc. These eye-related disorders can cause severe and irreversible visual impairment.
During the progression of myopia, the length of a child's eyeball will increase. Some children's eyeballs will protrude forward (many people mistakenly believe that the glasses have distorted the eyes, but in fact, it is the increase in the degree that causes this), while some children's eyeballs will grow backward, pulling the retina, which may lead to retinal holes detaching and causing a series of complications such as posterior scleral exudation.
Ophthalmologists hereby remind all parents: During the periods of 4 to 18 years old for their children, timely intervention and prevention of myopia should be carried out! Ensure that children without myopia do not develop myopia, and control the degree of myopia for those who already have it within a low range.
